4 Data, Structure, and Logic

In this lab you will complete the remainder of the fourth phase of the HCCM framework, with your group. Again the goal is to give experience using the HCCM framework, and understand how to formulate the detailed components of a conceptual model. To get the lab signed off your group will need to complete the:

data modules;
formal definition of entities;
transitions;
activities;
events;
logic;
and both assumptions and simplifications.

4.1 Define the Data

Firstly, you need to give detailed definitions of the data modules. You may not have collected data during car making, but complete the following table that describes the kind of data you would need to collect to simulate car making. Also add a comment on how the entry for CutTapeDuration would change if no person-by-person data was available, but an Exponential distribution that estimated the time it takes for a person to cut tape was available.

Table 4.1: List of Data Modules

Name	Source	Model	Type	Input	Output
NumPencils	System info	Constant	Deterministic	-	The number of pencils available
NumScissors	System info	Constant	Deterministic	-	The number of scissors available
NumTape	System info	Constant	Deterministic	-	The number of rolls of tape available
	System info	Constant	Deterministic	-

TraceCarDur	Experimental data	Lookup	Deterministic	Person	Time to trace car
CutNetDur	Experimental data	Lookup	Deterministic	Person	Time to cut the net out






CutTapeDur	Experimental data	Lookup	Deterministic	Person	Time to cut a piece of tape

4.2 Define the Structure

The first part of the structure to define is the entities. Table 4.2 lists the entities again, but adds attributes that the entities will need to capture the performance of the system, e.g., waiting time until the cube was cut. It is assumed that all entities have the three attributes: ID, CurrentActivity, and CurrentStart. These are omitted in the table to prevent repetition.

Table 4.2: List of Entities

Entity	Attributes
Paper	WaitForTrace[0.0]
	WaitForCutShape[0.0]
	WaitForFold[0.0]
	WaitForTapeCube[0.0]

Pencil	WaitForTrace[0.0]

Scissors	WaitForTask[0.0]

Tape	WaitForCut[0.0]

TapePieces	WaitForTape[0.0]
	ArrivalTime[0.0]
	LeavingTime[0.0]
Person	WaitForTask[0.0]

The next part of the structure is the transitions, which describe how entities move between activities and events. Table 4.3 lists the transitions for making paper cars. These transitions are prefixed by entity of the behavioural pathway they come from. Complete the transitions for the Scissors pathway.

Table 4.3: List of Transitions

Participant	Name	From Event	To Event
Paper	P.1	Paper Created	Paper Wait for Trace.Start
	P.2	Paper Wait for Trace.End	Trace Car.Start
	P.3	Trace Car.End	Paper Wait for Cut Net.Start
	P.4	Paper Wait for Cut Net.End	Cut Car Net.Start
	P.5	Cut Car Net.End	Paper Wait for Fold.Start
	P.6	Paper Wait for Fold.End	Fold Car.Start
	P.7	Fold Car.End	Paper Wait for Tape.Start
	P.8	Paper Wait for Tape.End	Tape Car.Start
	P.9	Tape Car.End	Car Finished

Pencil	N.1	Pencil/Template Created	Pencil Wait for Trace.Start
	N.2	Pencil Wait for Trace.End	Trace Car.Start
	N.3	Trace Car.End	Pencil Wait for Trace.Start

Scissors	S.1	Scissors Created
	S.2
	S.3
	S.4
	S.5

Tape	T.1	Tape Created	Tape Wait for Cut.Start
	T.2	Tape Wait for Cut.End	Cut Tape.Start
	T.3	Cut Tape.End	Tape Wait for Cut.Start

Tape Piece	TP.1	Tape Pieces Created	Tape Pieces Wait for Tape.Start
	TP.2	Tape Pieces Wait for Tape.End	Tape Car.Start
	TP.3	Tape Car.End	Tape Pieces Leave

Person	H.1	Person Created	Person Wait for Task.Start
	H.2	Person Wait for Task.End	Trace Car.Start
	H.3	Trace Car.End	Person Wait for Task.Start
	H.4	Person Wait for Task.End	Cut Car Net.Start
	H.5	Cut Car Net.End	Person Wait for Task.Start
	H.6	Person Wait for Task.End	Fold Car.Start
	H.7	Fold Car.End	Person Wait for Task.Start
	H.8	Person Wait for Task.End	Cut Tape.Start
	H.9	Cut Tape.End	Person Wait for Task.Start
	H.10	Person Wait for Task.End	Tape Car.Start
	H.11	Tape Car.End	Person Wait for Task.Start

Table 4.4 lists the activities from the behavioural pathway diagrams along with the state changes for the start and end event of each activity. Complete the activities for:

Paper Wait for Tape Car
Tape Car
Person Wait for Task (Hint look at Scissors Wait for Task)

Table 4.4: Activities

Activity	Participants	Event	Type	State Change
Paper Wait for Trace	Paper (P)	Start	Scheduled	`(Default, omitted hereafter) P.CurrentActivity = "this activity" (Default, omitted hereafter) P.CurrentStart = TIME TRIGGER OnStartPaperWaitForTrace WITH C`
		End	Controlled	`P.WaitForTrace = TIME - P.CurrentStart # TRANSITION P.2 in logic`
Trace Car	Paper (P), Person (H), Pencil (N)	Start	Controlled	`SCHEDULE END at TIME + TraceCube(H)`
		End	Scheduled	`START Paper Wait for Cut Net WITH P # TRANSITION P.3 START Person Wait for Task WITH H # TRANSITION H.3 START Pencil Wait for Trace WITH N # TRANSITION N.3`
Paper Wait for Cut Net		Start		`TRIGGER OnStartPaperWaitForCutNet WITH P`
		End		`P.WaitForCutNet = TIME - P.CurrentStart # TRANSITION P.4 in logic`
Cut Car Net	Paper (P), Person (H), Scissors (S)	Start	Controlled	`SCHEDULE END at TIME + CutNet(H)`
		End	Scheduled	`START Paper Wait for Fold WITH P # TRANSITION P.5 START Person Wait for Task WITH H # TRANSITION H.5 START Scissors Wait for Task WITH S # TRANSITION S.3`
Paper Wait for Fold	Paper (P)	Start	Scheduled	`TRIGGER OnStartPaperWaitForFold WITH P`
		End	Controlled	`P.WaitForFold = TIME - P.CurrentStart # TRANSITION P.6 in logic`
Fold Car	Paper (P), Person (H)	Start	Controlled	`SCHEDULE END at TIME + FoldCar(H)`
		End	Scheduled	`START Paper Wait for Tape Car WITH P # TRANSITION P.7 START Person Wait for Task WITH H # TRANSITION H.7`
Paper Wait for Tape Car		Start
		End
Tape Car		Start
		End
Pencil Wait for Trace	Pencil (N)	Start	Scheduled	`TRIGGER OnStartPencilWaitForTrace WITH N`
		End	Controlled	`N.WaitForTrace = N.WaitForTrace + TIME - N.CurrentStart # TRANSITION N.2 in logic`
Scissors Wait for Task	Scissors (S)	Start	Scheduled	`TRIGGER OnStartScissorsWaitForTask WITH S`
		End	Controlled	`S.WaitForTask = S.WaitForTask + TIME - S.CurrentStart # TRANSITION S.2 or S.4 in logic`
Cut Tape	Tape (T), Person (H), Scissors (S)	Start	Controlled	`SCHEDULE END at TIME + CutTape(H)`
		End	Scheduled	`START Person Wait for Task WITH H # TRANSITION H.9 START Scissors Wait for Task WITH S # TRANSITION S.5 START Tape Wait for Cut WITH T # TRANSITION T.3 CREATE Tape Pieces TP START Tape Pieces Created WITH TP`
Tape Wait for Cut	Tape (T)	Start	Scheduled	`TRIGGER OnStartTapeWaitForCut WITH T`
		End	Controlled	`T.WaitForCut = T.WaitForCut + TIME - T.CurrentStart # TRANSITION T.2 in logic`
Tape Pieces Wait for Tape	Tape Pieces (TP)	Start	Scheduled	`TRIGGER OnStartTapePiecesWaitForTape WITH TP`
		End	Controlled	`TP.WaitForTape = TP.WaitForTape + TIME - TP.CurrentStart # TRANSITION TP.2 in logic`
Person Wait for Task		Start
		End

Table 4.5 lists the events to start and finish the simulation along with the events from the behavioural pathway diagrams along with the state changes for each event. Complete the events for:

Tape Pieces Created
Person Created

Table 4.5: Events

Event	Participants	Type	State Change
Simulation Start	None	Scheduled	`FOR NumPaper DO CREATE Paper P START Paper Created WITH P END FOR FOR NumPencils DO CREATE Pencil N START Pencil/Template Created WITH N END FOR FOR NumScissors DO CREATE Scissors S START Scissors Created WITH S END FOR FOR NumTape DO CREATE Tape T START Tape Created WITH T END FOR FOR NumPeople DO CREATE Person H START Person Created WITH H END FOR`
Paper Created	Paper (P)	Scheduled	`START Paper Wait for Trace WITH P # TRANSITION P.1`
Car Finished	Paper (P)	Scheduled	`Calculate statistics for P REMOVE Paper P`
Pencil/ Template Created	Pencil (N)	Scheduled	`START Pencil Wait for Trace WITH N # TRANSITION N.1`
Scissors Created	Scissors (S)	Scheduled	`START Scissors Wait for Task WITH S # TRANSITION S.1`
Tape Created	Tape (T)	Scheduled	`START Tape Wait for Cut WITH T # TRANSITION T.1`
Tape Pieces Created
Tape Pieces Leave	Tape Pieces (TP)	Scheduled	`Calculate statistics for TP REMOVE Tape Pieces TP`
Person Created
Simulation Finish	None	Scheduled	`Calculate statistics as required for Pencils, Scissors, Tape, Person entities`

4.3 Define the Logic

The last part of the structure to define is the logic. You need to define the logic for each of the triggers (the red squares in the behavioural paths, and TRIGGER statements in the state changes). Tables 4.6, to 4.14 show the logic for some of the triggers. Complete the logic for: - OnStartTapeWaitForCut - OnStartCubeWaitForFold - the last condition of OnStartPersonWaitForTask

Table 4.6: OnStartPencilWaitForTrace

Triggered by: Pencil N

	Triggered by: Pencil N
	`IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Trace) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Person H START Trace Car WITH P, H, N END IF`

IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Trace) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Trace Car WITH P, H, N
END IF

Table 4.7: OnStartScissorsWaitForTask

Triggered by: Scissors S

	Triggered by: Scissors S
	`IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Cut Net) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Person H START Cut Net WITH P, H, S ELSE IF (any Tape T with T.CurrentActivity = Tape Wait for Cut) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Tape T SELECT valid Person H START Cut Tape WITH T, H, S END IF`

IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Cut Net) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Cut Net WITH P, H, S
ELSE IF (any Tape T with T.CurrentActivity = Tape Wait for Cut) AND
        (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Tape T
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Cut Tape WITH T, H, S
END IF

Table 4.8: OnStartTapeWaitForCut

	Triggered by: Tape T

Table 4.9: OnStartTapePiecesWaitForTape

Triggered by: Tape Pieces TP

	Triggered by: Tape Pieces TP
	`IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Person H START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP END IF`

IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP
END IF

Table 4.10: OnStartPaperWaitForTrace

Triggered by: Paper P

	Triggered by: Paper P
	`IF (any Pencil N with N.CurrentActivity = Pencil Wait for Trace) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Pencil N SELECT valid Person H START Trace Car WITH P, H, N END IF`

IF (any Pencil N with N.CurrentActivity = Pencil Wait for Trace) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Pencil N
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Trace Car WITH P, H, N
END IF

Table 4.11: OnStartPaperWaitForCut

Triggered by: Paper P

	Triggered by: Paper P
	`IF (any Scissors S with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Person H START Cut Car WITH P, H, S END IF`

IF (any Scissors S with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Cut Car WITH P, H, S
END IF

Table 4.12: OnStartPaperWaitForFold

	Triggered by: Paper P

Table 4.13: OnStartPaperWaitForTape

Triggered by: Paper P

	Triggered by: Paper P
	`IF (any Tape Pieces TP with TP.CurrentActivity = Tape Pieces Wait for Tape) AND (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Tape Pieces TP SELECT valid Person H START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP END IF`

IF (any Tape Pieces TP with TP.CurrentActivity = Tape Pieces Wait for Tape) AND
   (any Person H with H.CurrentActivity = Person Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Tape Pieces TP
  SELECT valid Person H
  START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP
END IF

Table 4.14: OnStartPersonWaitForTask

Triggered by: Person H

	Triggered by: Person H
	# Prioritise taping, then folding, then cutting, then tracing IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape Car) AND (any Tape Pieces with TP.CurrentActivity = Tape Pieces Wait for Tape) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Tape Pieces TP START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape Car) AND (any Tape T with T.CurrentActivity = Tape Wait for Cut) AND (any Scissors S with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) THEN # There is a car waiting to be taped, but no tape pieces SELECT valid Tape T SELECT valid Scissors S START Cut Tape WITH T, H, S ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Fold) SELECT valid Paper P START Fold Car WITH P, H ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Cut Net) AND (any Scissors with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) THEN SELECT valid Paper P SELECT valid Scissors S START Cut Car Net WITH P, H, S END IF

# Prioritise taping, then folding, then cutting, then tracing
IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape Car) AND
   (any Tape Pieces with TP.CurrentActivity = Tape Pieces Wait for Tape) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Tape Pieces TP
  START Tape Car WITH P, H, TP
ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Tape Car) AND
        (any Tape T with T.CurrentActivity = Tape Wait for Cut) AND
        (any Scissors S with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) THEN
  # There is a car waiting to be taped, but no tape pieces
  SELECT valid Tape T
  SELECT valid Scissors S
  START Cut Tape WITH T, H, S
ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Fold)
  SELECT valid Paper P
  START Fold Car WITH P, H
ELSE IF (any Paper P with P.CurrentActivity = Paper Wait for Cut Net) AND
        (any Scissors with S.CurrentActivity = Scissors Wait for Task) THEN
  SELECT valid Paper P
  SELECT valid Scissors S
  START Cut Car Net WITH P, H, S
 
 
 
 
 
END IF

4.4 Assumptions and Simplifications

What assumptions did you make when defining your model? What simplifications did you make? These details are important when communicating your model to others. List them in the box below. Remember, assumptions are beliefs about the system that we take to be true, and inform part of the model. Assumptions enable us to resolve uncertainties about the actual system. We use assumptions complete parts of the model that we do not have the information about. Simplifications are intentional changes to the model that make it different from the system being modelled. Simplifications are usually used to replace a complex part (or parts) with a simpler one, that is either more easily: defined in the conceptual model; implemented in the simulation; or communicated.

You have now completed the conceptual model of the cube making activity and you could use this model as the staring point for implementing a simulation model in JaamSim using the HCCM library. Show your work to a lab tutor to get it signed off.